I will now give as complete a list of the genera containing cleistogamic species as I have been able to collect.
TABLE 8.38. List of genera including cleistogamic species (chiefly after Kuhn). (8/3. I have omitted Trifolium and Arachis from the list, because Von Mohl says 'Botanische Zeitung' 1863 page 312, that the flower-stems merely draw the flowers beneath the ground, and that these do not appear to be properly cleistogamic. Correa de Mello 'Journal of the Linnean Society Botany' volume 11 1870 page 254, observed plants of Arachis in Brazil, and could never find such flowers. Plantago has been omitted because as far as I can discover it produces hermaphrodite and female flower-heads, but not cleistogamic flowers. Krascheninikowia (vel Stellaria) has been omitted because it seems very doubtful from Maximowicz' description whether the lower flowers which have no petals or very small ones, and barren stamens or none, are cleistogamic; the upper hermaphrodite flowers are said never to produce fruit, and therefore probably act as males. Moreover in Stellaria graminea, as Babington remarks 'British Botany' 1851 page 51, "shorter and longer petals accompany an imperfection of the stamens or germen."
I have added to the list the following cases: Several Acanthaceae, for which see J. Scott in 'Journal of Botany' London new series volume 1 1872 page 161. With respect to salvia see Dr. Ascherson in 'Botanische Zeitung' 1871 page 555. For Oxybaphus and Nyctaginia see Asa Gray in 'American Naturalist' November 1873 page 692. From Dr. Torrey's account of Hottonia inflata 'Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club' volume 2 June 1871, it is manifest that this plant produces true cleistogamic flowers. For Pavonia see Bouche in 'Sitzungsberichte d. Gesellsch. Natur. Freunde' October 20, 1874 page 90. I have added Thelymitra, as from the account given by Mr. Fitzgerald in his magnificent work on 'Australian Orchids' it appears that the flowers of this plant in its native home never open, but they do not appear to be reduced in size. Nor is this the case with the flowers of certain species of Epidendron, Cattleya, etc. see second edition of my 'Fertilisation of Orchids' page 147, which without expanding produce capsules. It is therefore doubtful whether these Orchideae ought to have been included in the list. From what Duval-Jouve says about Cryptostachys in 'Bulletin of the Soc. Bot. de France' tome 10 1863 page 195, this plant appears to produce cleistogamic flowers. the other additions to the list are noticed in my text.)
DICOTYLEDONS.
BORAGINEAE: Eritrichium.
CONVOLVULACEAE: Cuscuta.
SCROPHULARINEAE: Scrophularia. Linaria. Vandellia.
ACANTHACEAE: Cryphiacanthus. Eranthemum. Daedalacanthus. Dipteracanthus. Aechmanthera. Ruellia.
LABIATAE: Lamium. Salvia.
NYCTAGINEAE: Oxybaphus. Nyctaginia.
ASCLEPIADAE: Stapelia.
CAMPANULACEAE: Specularia. Campanula.
PRIMULACEAE: Hottonia.
COMPOSITAE: Anandria.
CRUCIFERAE: Heterocarpaea.
VIOLACEAE: Viola.
CISTINEAE: Helianthemum. Lechea.
MALVEACEAE: Pavonia.
MALPIGHIACEAE: Gaudichaudia. Aspicarpa. Camarea. Janusia.
POLYGALEAE: Polygala.
BALSAMINEAE: Impatiens.
GERANIACAEA: Oxalis.
LEGUMINOSAE: Ononis. Parochaetus. Chapmannia. Stylosanthus. Lespedeza. Vicia. Lathyrus. Martinsia vel Neurocarpum. Amphicarpaea. Glycine. Galactia. Voandzeia.
DROSERACEAE: Drosera.
MONOCOTYLEDONS.
JUNCEAE: Juncus.
GRAMINEAE: Leersia. Hordeum. Cryptostachys.
COMMELINEAE: Commelina.
PONTEDERACEAE: Monochoria.
ORCHIDEAE: Schomburgkia. Cattleya. Epidendron. Thelymitra.
The first point that strikes us in considering this list of 55 genera, is that they are very widely distributed in the vegetable series. They are more common in the family of the Leguminosae than in any other, and next in order in that of the Acanthaceae and Malpighiaceae. A large number, but not all the species, of certain genera, as of Oxalis and Viola, bear cleistogamic as well as ordinary flowers.